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作者陈进超（2019）在《妊娠后期和哺乳期饲粮添加不同链长脂肪酸对母猪繁殖性能和哺乳仔猪生长性能的影响》一文中研究指出：(目的)脂肪酸不仅作为能量物质,同时还具有调节机体代谢、抗菌、抗炎等特殊功能。饲粮中添加脂肪酸可以通过改善饲料风味提高动物的采食量,改善乳成分,影响仔猪的生长性能和胃肠道发育。本试验旨在研究妊娠后期和哺乳期母猪饲粮中添加短链脂肪酸(SCFA)、中链脂肪酸(MCFA)和n-3多不饱和长链脂肪酸(n-3PUFA)对母猪繁殖性能、仔猪生长性能和肠道健康的影响。(方法)选用24头(妊娠第85天、第3胎次、体重300±15 kg)的长大二元杂交妊娠母猪,随机分成4组,每组6个重复,每个重复1头母猪。4组母猪分别饲喂以下饲粮:基础饲粮(对照组),基础饲粮+1 g丁酸钠/kg(SCFA组)、基础饲粮+7.75 g MCFA/kg(MCFA组)、基础饲粮+68.2 g n-3PUFA/kg(n-3PUFA组)。试验期从母猪妊娠期第85天开始至泌乳期第21天,试验期间记录母猪采食量、产仔数、仔猪成活率、采集初乳;试验结束后每窝随机挑选1头仔猪采集血液样品(每组6个重复),之后进行屠宰,并采集肠黏膜、肝脏、以及食糜等样品进行分析。(结果)结果表明:(1)四个处理组母猪的窝产总仔数、死胎数、母猪带仔数、断奶仔猪数、仔猪初生重、初生窝重差异均不显著(P>0.05)。在哺乳期第21天时,与对照组相比,三个试验组的仔猪断奶育成率都有所提高,但未达到显著水平(P>0.05),其中MCFA组成活率最高为91.3%,其次为SCFA组;MCFA组母猪产程与对照组相比缩短了37%,差异显著(P<0.05)。MCFA组、n-3PUFA组母猪发情间隔与对照组相比缩短了2.6 d、2.2 d,差异显著(P<0.05);SCFA组母猪发情间隔与对照组相比缩短了1.2 d,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。SCFA组、MCFA组母猪哺乳期采食量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),n-3PUFA组母猪哺乳期采食量显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。n-3PUFA组母猪初乳乳脂含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05);SCFA组、MCFA组、n-3PUFA组母猪初乳IgG浓度显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。(2)四个处理组间仔猪的初生重、初生窝重差异均不显著(P>0.05)。哺乳21天后,三个试验组仔猪的断奶窝重、断奶重、日增重相比对照组都有所提高,但未达到显著水平(P>0.05),其中SCFA组、n-3PUFA组仔猪日增重相对于对照组分别提高了9.7%、6.4%。与对照组相比,SCFA组、MCFA组仔猪腹泻率分别降低了8.4%、6.1%(P<0.05);n-3PUFA组仔猪腹泻率与对照组相比降低了3.3%(P<0.05)。(3)MCFA组仔猪血浆葡萄糖浓度以及3个试验组仔猪血浆碱性磷酸酶浓度显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。SCFA组、MCFA组和n-3PUFA组仔猪血浆皮质醇激素浓度显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。SCFA组、MCFA组和n-3PUFA组仔猪血浆总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。MCFA组和n-3PUFA组哺乳仔猪血浆甘油三脂浓度显著低于对照组(P<0.05);SCFA组、MCFA组、n-3PUFA组哺乳仔猪血浆游离脂肪酸浓度显著高于对照组(P<0.05);SCFA组、MCFA组哺乳仔猪血浆HDL-C浓度显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。(4)与对照组相比,SCFA组、MCFA组仔猪肝脏脂肪酸合酶mRNA相对表达量显著降低(P<0.05);SCFA组、n-3PUFA组仔猪肝脏激素敏感脂肪酶mRNA相对表达量显著提高(P<0.05)。SCFA组、MCFA组和n-3PUFA组仔猪空肠黏膜跨膜蛋白-1(Claudin-1)mRNA相对表达量显著高于对照组(P<0.05);与对照组相比,SCFA组、MCFA组和n-3PUFA组仔猪空肠黏膜IL-10 mRNA相对表达量有所提高(P>0.05);MCFA组、n-3PUFA组仔猪空肠黏膜IL-1β和TNF-αmRNA相对表达量显著低于对照组(P<0.05);与对照组相比,SCFA组、MCFA组和n-3PUFA组仔猪小肠黏膜Toll样受体蛋白4(TLR4)mRNA及其效应因子髓样分化因子(MγD88)mRNA表达量显著下调(P<0.05)。(5)SCFA组、MCFA组、n-3PUFA组仔猪空肠隐窝深度显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。SCFA组、MCFA组和n-3PUFA组哺乳仔猪结肠微生物OTU数、Chao1指数和ACE指数与对照组相比显著提高(P<0.05);SCFA组、MCFA组和n-3PUFA组仔猪结肠厚壁菌门(Fiemicutes)相对丰度显著低于对照组(P<0.05);SCFA组和MCFA组仔猪结肠拟杆菌门(Bacteriodetes)相对丰度显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。(结论)综上所述,母猪妊娠后期和哺乳期饲粮中添加不同链长脂肪酸:(1)缩短母猪产程和发情间隔,提高乳汁脂肪和IgG含量,在一定程度上改善母猪繁殖性能;(2)提高仔猪日增重和断奶重,降低仔猪死亡率和腹泻率,提高仔猪抗氧化和抗应激能力,改善仔猪脂质代谢,从而促进仔猪生长性能;(3)降低仔猪空肠炎症因子表达,增加仔猪结肠微生物多样性和有益菌比例,保护肠道屏障功能。其中以中链脂肪酸组效果最佳。
Abstract
(mu de )zhi fang suan bu jin zuo wei neng liang wu zhi ,tong shi hai ju you diao jie ji ti dai xie 、kang jun 、kang yan deng te shu gong neng 。si liang zhong tian jia zhi fang suan ke yi tong guo gai shan si liao feng wei di gao dong wu de cai shi liang ,gai shan ru cheng fen ,ying xiang zai zhu de sheng chang xing neng he wei chang dao fa yo 。ben shi yan zhi zai yan jiu ren shen hou ji he bu ru ji mu zhu si liang zhong tian jia duan lian zhi fang suan (SCFA)、zhong lian zhi fang suan (MCFA)he n-3duo bu bao he chang lian zhi fang suan (n-3PUFA)dui mu zhu fan shi xing neng 、zai zhu sheng chang xing neng he chang dao jian kang de ying xiang 。(fang fa )shua yong 24tou (ren shen di 85tian 、di 3tai ci 、ti chong 300±15 kg)de chang da er yuan za jiao ren shen mu zhu ,sui ji fen cheng 4zu ,mei zu 6ge chong fu ,mei ge chong fu 1tou mu zhu 。4zu mu zhu fen bie si wei yi xia si liang :ji chu si liang (dui zhao zu ),ji chu si liang +1 gding suan na /kg(SCFAzu )、ji chu si liang +7.75 g MCFA/kg(MCFAzu )、ji chu si liang +68.2 g n-3PUFA/kg(n-3PUFAzu )。shi yan ji cong mu zhu ren shen ji di 85tian kai shi zhi bi ru ji di 21tian ,shi yan ji jian ji lu mu zhu cai shi liang 、chan zai shu 、zai zhu cheng huo lv 、cai ji chu ru ;shi yan jie shu hou mei wo sui ji tiao shua 1tou zai zhu cai ji xie ye yang pin (mei zu 6ge chong fu ),zhi hou jin hang tu zai ,bing cai ji chang nian mo 、gan zang 、yi ji shi mei deng yang pin jin hang fen xi 。(jie guo )jie guo biao ming :(1)si ge chu li zu mu zhu de wo chan zong zai shu 、si tai shu 、mu zhu dai zai shu 、duan nai zai zhu shu 、zai zhu chu sheng chong 、chu sheng wo chong cha yi jun bu xian zhe (P>0.05)。zai bu ru ji di 21tian shi ,yu dui zhao zu xiang bi ,san ge shi yan zu de zai zhu duan nai yo cheng lv dou you suo di gao ,dan wei da dao xian zhe shui ping (P>0.05),ji zhong MCFAzu cheng huo lv zui gao wei 91.3%,ji ci wei SCFAzu ;MCFAzu mu zhu chan cheng yu dui zhao zu xiang bi su duan le 37%,cha yi xian zhe (P<0.05)。MCFAzu 、n-3PUFAzu mu zhu fa qing jian ge yu dui zhao zu xiang bi su duan le 2.6 d、2.2 d,cha yi xian zhe (P<0.05);SCFAzu mu zhu fa qing jian ge yu dui zhao zu xiang bi su duan le 1.2 d,dan cha yi bu xian zhe (P>0.05)。SCFAzu 、MCFAzu mu zhu bu ru ji cai shi liang xian zhe gao yu dui zhao zu (P<0.05),n-3PUFAzu mu zhu bu ru ji cai shi liang xian zhe di yu dui zhao zu (P<0.05)。n-3PUFAzu mu zhu chu ru ru zhi han liang xian zhe gao yu dui zhao zu (P<0.05);SCFAzu 、MCFAzu 、n-3PUFAzu mu zhu chu ru IgGnong du xian zhe gao yu dui zhao zu (P<0.05)。(2)si ge chu li zu jian zai zhu de chu sheng chong 、chu sheng wo chong cha yi jun bu xian zhe (P>0.05)。bu ru 21tian hou ,san ge shi yan zu zai zhu de duan nai wo chong 、duan nai chong 、ri zeng chong xiang bi dui zhao zu dou you suo di gao ,dan wei da dao xian zhe shui ping (P>0.05),ji zhong SCFAzu 、n-3PUFAzu zai zhu ri zeng chong xiang dui yu dui zhao zu fen bie di gao le 9.7%、6.4%。yu dui zhao zu xiang bi ,SCFAzu 、MCFAzu zai zhu fu xie lv fen bie jiang di le 8.4%、6.1%(P<0.05);n-3PUFAzu zai zhu fu xie lv yu dui zhao zu xiang bi jiang di le 3.3%(P<0.05)。(3)MCFAzu zai zhu xie jiang pu tao tang nong du yi ji 3ge shi yan zu zai zhu xie jiang jian xing lin suan mei nong du xian zhe gao yu dui zhao zu (P<0.05)。SCFAzu 、MCFAzu he n-3PUFAzu zai zhu xie jiang pi zhi chun ji su nong du xian zhe di yu dui zhao zu (P<0.05)。SCFAzu 、MCFAzu he n-3PUFAzu zai zhu xie jiang zong kang yang hua neng li (T-AOC)xian zhe gao yu dui zhao zu (P<0.05)。MCFAzu he n-3PUFAzu bu ru zai zhu xie jiang gan you san zhi nong du xian zhe di yu dui zhao zu (P<0.05);SCFAzu 、MCFAzu 、n-3PUFAzu bu ru zai zhu xie jiang you li zhi fang suan nong du xian zhe gao yu dui zhao zu (P<0.05);SCFAzu 、MCFAzu bu ru zai zhu xie jiang HDL-Cnong du xian zhe gao yu dui zhao zu (P<0.05)。(4)yu dui zhao zu xiang bi ,SCFAzu 、MCFAzu zai zhu gan zang zhi fang suan ge mei mRNAxiang dui biao da liang xian zhe jiang di (P<0.05);SCFAzu 、n-3PUFAzu zai zhu gan zang ji su min gan zhi fang mei mRNAxiang dui biao da liang xian zhe di gao (P<0.05)。SCFAzu 、MCFAzu he n-3PUFAzu zai zhu kong chang nian mo kua mo dan bai -1(Claudin-1)mRNAxiang dui biao da liang xian zhe gao yu dui zhao zu (P<0.05);yu dui zhao zu xiang bi ,SCFAzu 、MCFAzu he n-3PUFAzu zai zhu kong chang nian mo IL-10 mRNAxiang dui biao da liang you suo di gao (P>0.05);MCFAzu 、n-3PUFAzu zai zhu kong chang nian mo IL-1βhe TNF-αmRNAxiang dui biao da liang xian zhe di yu dui zhao zu (P<0.05);yu dui zhao zu xiang bi ,SCFAzu 、MCFAzu he n-3PUFAzu zai zhu xiao chang nian mo Tollyang shou ti dan bai 4(TLR4)mRNAji ji xiao ying yin zi sui yang fen hua yin zi (MγD88)mRNAbiao da liang xian zhe xia diao (P<0.05)。(5)SCFAzu 、MCFAzu 、n-3PUFAzu zai zhu kong chang yin wo shen du xian zhe di yu dui zhao zu (P<0.05)。SCFAzu 、MCFAzu he n-3PUFAzu bu ru zai zhu jie chang wei sheng wu OTUshu 、Chao1zhi shu he ACEzhi shu yu dui zhao zu xiang bi xian zhe di gao (P<0.05);SCFAzu 、MCFAzu he n-3PUFAzu zai zhu jie chang hou bi jun men (Fiemicutes)xiang dui feng du xian zhe di yu dui zhao zu (P<0.05);SCFAzu he MCFAzu zai zhu jie chang ni gan jun men (Bacteriodetes)xiang dui feng du xian zhe gao yu dui zhao zu (P<0.05)。(jie lun )zeng shang suo shu ,mu zhu ren shen hou ji he bu ru ji si liang zhong tian jia bu tong lian chang zhi fang suan :(1)su duan mu zhu chan cheng he fa qing jian ge ,di gao ru zhi zhi fang he IgGhan liang ,zai yi ding cheng du shang gai shan mu zhu fan shi xing neng ;(2)di gao zai zhu ri zeng chong he duan nai chong ,jiang di zai zhu si wang lv he fu xie lv ,di gao zai zhu kang yang hua he kang ying ji neng li ,gai shan zai zhu zhi zhi dai xie ,cong er cu jin zai zhu sheng chang xing neng ;(3)jiang di zai zhu kong chang yan zheng yin zi biao da ,zeng jia zai zhu jie chang wei sheng wu duo yang xing he you yi jun bi li ,bao hu chang dao bing zhang gong neng 。ji zhong yi zhong lian zhi fang suan zu xiao guo zui jia 。
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论文作者分别是来自西南大学的陈进超，发表于刊物西南大学2019-09-24论文，是一篇关于丁酸钠论文,中链脂肪酸论文,多不饱和脂肪酸论文,母猪论文,哺乳仔猪论文,微生物区系论文,西南大学2019-09-24论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自西南大学2019-09-24论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：丁酸钠论文; 中链脂肪酸论文; 多不饱和脂肪酸论文; 母猪论文; 哺乳仔猪论文; 微生物区系论文; 西南大学2019-09-24论文;