本文主要研究内容
作者梁文（2019）在《油菜秸秆覆盖对水稻安全性与控草作用研究》一文中研究指出：针对杂草抗药性问题日趋严重和农作物秸秆利用率低等突出问题,在温室和田间条件下评价了油菜秸秆覆盖对水稻的安全性与稻田杂草的控制效果。油菜秸秆不同长度覆盖试验结果表明,水稻播种或移栽后4 d用1～7 cm秸秆(900g/m2)覆盖对水稻安全,9cm秸秆对模拟直播稻的出苗有一定影响。秸秆过短(粉末)或过长对杂草的抑制效果降低,抑制稗Echinochloa crusgalli和丁香蓼Ludwigiaprostrata覆盖1～3 cm桔秆效果较好,抑制千金子Leptochloa chinensis、耳叶水苋Ammanniaarenaria和异型莎草Cyperus difformis覆盖1～5 cm秸秆效果较好。覆盖秸秆粉末和1、3、5、7、9cm秸秆(900g/m2)对稗的干重抑制率分别为65.74%、80.18%、81.15%、70.99%、55.65%和27.22%。油菜秸秆和油菜荚混合覆盖试验结果表明,稗播种后1 d进行1 cm长度油菜秸秆和油菜荚覆盖的株数抑制中量(ED50)分别为625.03 g/m2和541.97g/m2,秸秆与荚按2.5:1混合后对稗的ED50为572.16g/m2,其共毒系数(104.66)略高于其他配比,对稗表现为相加作用。油菜秸秆不同时间和用量覆盖试验结果表明,稻谷经催芽撒播12h后97.5%的水稻幼苗直立生长。在保持土表湿润条件下,秸秆混合物(秸秆与荚比例为2.5:1)700～1300g/m2在直播稻播后l～4d覆盖,对水稻出苗、株高、分蘖和生物量均无不良影响。直播次日900 g/m2覆盖后1d(DAM)加2 cm水层和2-4 DAM加3 cm水层对水稻也安全。在保持土表湿润条件下,稗播种后2～3 d为萌发高峰。稗播种后当天进行秸秆覆盖(700g/m2)抑制效果理想,株抑制率达92.47%。在杂草播种后1d进行覆盖,为取得95%以上的控草效果,防治千金子、耳叶水苋、异型莎草、丁香蓼需分别覆盖秸秆混合物600、700、800、900g/m2,但进行1200 g/m2覆盖对稗的株抑制率为88.44%。覆盖(900 g/m2)后较早添加较深水层,提高了对稗的控制效果,1、2、4DAM添加1cm水层对稗的干重抑制率分别为99.43%、88.64%和77.84%;4 DAM添加1、2、3 cm水层对其干重抑制率分别为77.84%、81.06%和88.07%,而不添加水层则为58.33%。田间小区试验结果表明,水稻播后4d覆盖油菜秸秆混合物700、900g/m2,覆盖后2d添加1～2cm左右水层对水稻生长无不良影响,产量达668.03kg/666.7 m2以上,比CK增产151.44%左右。对杂草株防效和鲜重防效均达96.6%以上,控草效果理想。
Abstract
zhen dui za cao kang yao xing wen ti ri qu yan chong he nong zuo wu jie gan li yong lv di deng tu chu wen ti ,zai wen shi he tian jian tiao jian xia ping jia le you cai jie gan fu gai dui shui dao de an quan xing yu dao tian za cao de kong zhi xiao guo 。you cai jie gan bu tong chang du fu gai shi yan jie guo biao ming ,shui dao bo chong huo yi zai hou 4 dyong 1～7 cmjie gan (900g/m2)fu gai dui shui dao an quan ,9cmjie gan dui mo ni zhi bo dao de chu miao you yi ding ying xiang 。jie gan guo duan (fen mo )huo guo chang dui za cao de yi zhi xiao guo jiang di ,yi zhi bai Echinochloa crusgallihe ding xiang liao Ludwigiaprostratafu gai 1～3 cmjie gan xiao guo jiao hao ,yi zhi qian jin zi Leptochloa chinensis、er xie shui xian Ammanniaarenariahe yi xing sha cao Cyperus difformisfu gai 1～5 cmjie gan xiao guo jiao hao 。fu gai jie gan fen mo he 1、3、5、7、9cmjie gan (900g/m2)dui bai de gan chong yi zhi lv fen bie wei 65.74%、80.18%、81.15%、70.99%、55.65%he 27.22%。you cai jie gan he you cai jia hun ge fu gai shi yan jie guo biao ming ,bai bo chong hou 1 djin hang 1 cmchang du you cai jie gan he you cai jia fu gai de zhu shu yi zhi zhong liang (ED50)fen bie wei 625.03 g/m2he 541.97g/m2,jie gan yu jia an 2.5:1hun ge hou dui bai de ED50wei 572.16g/m2,ji gong du ji shu (104.66)lve gao yu ji ta pei bi ,dui bai biao xian wei xiang jia zuo yong 。you cai jie gan bu tong shi jian he yong liang fu gai shi yan jie guo biao ming ,dao gu jing cui ya sa bo 12hhou 97.5%de shui dao you miao zhi li sheng chang 。zai bao chi tu biao shi run tiao jian xia ,jie gan hun ge wu (jie gan yu jia bi li wei 2.5:1)700～1300g/m2zai zhi bo dao bo hou l～4dfu gai ,dui shui dao chu miao 、zhu gao 、fen nie he sheng wu liang jun mo bu liang ying xiang 。zhi bo ci ri 900 g/m2fu gai hou 1d(DAM)jia 2 cmshui ceng he 2-4 DAMjia 3 cmshui ceng dui shui dao ye an quan 。zai bao chi tu biao shi run tiao jian xia ,bai bo chong hou 2～3 dwei meng fa gao feng 。bai bo chong hou dang tian jin hang jie gan fu gai (700g/m2)yi zhi xiao guo li xiang ,zhu yi zhi lv da 92.47%。zai za cao bo chong hou 1djin hang fu gai ,wei qu de 95%yi shang de kong cao xiao guo ,fang zhi qian jin zi 、er xie shui xian 、yi xing sha cao 、ding xiang liao xu fen bie fu gai jie gan hun ge wu 600、700、800、900g/m2,dan jin hang 1200 g/m2fu gai dui bai de zhu yi zhi lv wei 88.44%。fu gai (900 g/m2)hou jiao zao tian jia jiao shen shui ceng ,di gao le dui bai de kong zhi xiao guo ,1、2、4DAMtian jia 1cmshui ceng dui bai de gan chong yi zhi lv fen bie wei 99.43%、88.64%he 77.84%;4 DAMtian jia 1、2、3 cmshui ceng dui ji gan chong yi zhi lv fen bie wei 77.84%、81.06%he 88.07%,er bu tian jia shui ceng ze wei 58.33%。tian jian xiao ou shi yan jie guo biao ming ,shui dao bo hou 4dfu gai you cai jie gan hun ge wu 700、900g/m2,fu gai hou 2dtian jia 1～2cmzuo you shui ceng dui shui dao sheng chang mo bu liang ying xiang ,chan liang da 668.03kg/666.7 m2yi shang ,bi CKzeng chan 151.44%zuo you 。dui za cao zhu fang xiao he xian chong fang xiao jun da 96.6%yi shang ,kong cao xiao guo li xiang 。
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论文作者分别是来自浙江大学的梁文，发表于刊物浙江大学2019-09-18论文，是一篇关于稻田论文,油菜秸秆论文,覆盖论文,安全性论文,杂草论文,抑制作用论文,浙江大学2019-09-18论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自浙江大学2019-09-18论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：稻田论文; 油菜秸秆论文; 覆盖论文; 安全性论文; 杂草论文; 抑制作用论文; 浙江大学2019-09-18论文;