本文主要研究内容
作者申胜举（2019）在《盐诱导超累积植物内生菌Bacillus sp. L14对季铵盐类污染物的抗性及其生物修复研究》一文中研究指出：由于季铵盐（quaternary ammonium compounds,QACs）大量应用于消毒剂、洗涤剂等产品,而这些生活必需品在给人类带来便利的同时又对环境产生一定的威胁,这种污染物也正在威胁着人类的健康。大量的事实已经证明它可以使人类致癌、致畸以及致突变等,如果这种危害持续下去,那么人类的自然生态环境和身心健康将会受到严重威胁。近些年以来,电处理、超声波处理、有机溶剂和抗生素处理等方法均能实现对季铵盐的处理。但这些方法治理费用高、效率比较低下、需要大量的人力,重要的是处理过程相当复杂。因此,急需寻找一种高效、环保且低成本的修复技术,而生物修复技术近几年受到许多研究者的欢迎。因此考虑用生物修复技术来处理季铵盐类污染物。然而,季铵盐类污染物是一类具有微生物消毒作用的化合物,因此利用微生物修复技术处理季铵盐类污染物是本文的关键,而微生物修复技术的核心在于从生态系统中筛选对季铵盐有抗性的菌株。1.我们从镉超富集植物龙葵（Solanum nigrum L.）中分离到一株多金属抗性内生细菌L14（EB L14）对季铵化合物进行生物降解。从16S rDNA分析来看,该内生菌属于芽孢杆菌属。该内生菌经过不同类型的盐（NaCl、KCl、MgCl2、CaCl2）浓度诱导,随着无机盐浓度的升高,菌株EB L14的生长受到了抑制,而且抑制效果很明显,这可能和微生物细胞在高浓度无机盐的存在下失水有关,影响了微生物的正常生长代谢;另外还可以分析出菌株EB L14对不同类型的无机盐耐受能力是不一样的,对Na+、K+耐受力最强,可以达到80g/L,其次是Mg2+,达到了40g/L;最后是Ca2+,达到了20g/L。2.菌株EB L14经过不同类型的盐浓度诱导之后,发现随着盐浓度的增加,其苯基烷基二甲基铵盐（benzylalkyldimethylammonium compounds,BACs）的抗性也在增加。胞内含水率的实验已经表明,细胞在高盐浓度下会发生失水现象,致使细胞收缩,膜孔变小,BACs(C12-alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride,C12BDMA-Cl;C14-alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride,C14BDMA-Cl)不容易通过膜孔进入细胞内部,从而减轻了对细胞的破坏,变相增强了内生细菌对BACs的抗性。3.本文还研究了QACs高耐性超累积植物内生菌对BACs的去除效果,结果表明:C12BDMA-Cl初始浓度为5mg/L,六种不同盐浓度诱导的抗性菌株在48h内对BACs均表现出很好的降解效果,随着盐诱导浓度的升高降解率也逐渐升高。C12BDMA-Cl初始浓度为10mg/L,前三种盐浓度诱导下的抗性菌株由于其对BACs的抗性较小,大部分在生长的初期阶段就已经死亡,所以其对BACs的降解率低于20%;而后面三种菌株在48h内对C12BDMA-Cl降解率都在80%以上,这是因为它们本身的抗性就比较高。C12BDMA-Cl初始浓度为15mg/L,这六种不同盐浓度诱导的抗性菌株只有后两种抗性菌株适应了C12BDMA-Cl这样的高浓度环境,而前四种菌株由于抗性比较弱,大部分在生长的初期阶段就已经衰亡,所以它们对C12BDMA-Cl的降解率低于15%;而后面两种菌株在48h内对C12BDMA-Cl有了很好的降解效果,降解率都在80%以上,这是因为它们本身的抗性就比较高,而且其降解率是逐渐升高的。4.研究了EB L14降解C14BDMA-Cl的中间产物及其降解途径,HPLC检测到的生物降解的中间产物主要为苄基二甲胺（BDMA）、苄基甲胺（BMA）等。作为初始代谢物的BDMA的形成表明Calkyl-N键的裂解是n-四烷基苄基二甲基氯化铵降解的第一步;BMA的形成可能是由于去甲基化反应进一步降解BDMA。本实验选取的超累积植物内生菌对季铵盐类污染物具有较好的抗性,并且达到了很好的去除效果,这为微生物修复技术在应用于季铵盐类污染物处理方面提供了广阔前景。
Abstract
you yu ji an yan （quaternary ammonium compounds,QACs）da liang ying yong yu xiao du ji 、xi di ji deng chan pin ,er zhe xie sheng huo bi xu pin zai gei ren lei dai lai bian li de tong shi you dui huan jing chan sheng yi ding de wei xie ,zhe chong wu ran wu ye zheng zai wei xie zhao ren lei de jian kang 。da liang de shi shi yi jing zheng ming ta ke yi shi ren lei zhi ai 、zhi ji yi ji zhi tu bian deng ,ru guo zhe chong wei hai chi xu xia qu ,na me ren lei de zi ran sheng tai huan jing he shen xin jian kang jiang hui shou dao yan chong wei xie 。jin xie nian yi lai ,dian chu li 、chao sheng bo chu li 、you ji rong ji he kang sheng su chu li deng fang fa jun neng shi xian dui ji an yan de chu li 。dan zhe xie fang fa zhi li fei yong gao 、xiao lv bi jiao di xia 、xu yao da liang de ren li ,chong yao de shi chu li guo cheng xiang dang fu za 。yin ci ,ji xu xun zhao yi chong gao xiao 、huan bao ju di cheng ben de xiu fu ji shu ,er sheng wu xiu fu ji shu jin ji nian shou dao hu duo yan jiu zhe de huan ying 。yin ci kao lv yong sheng wu xiu fu ji shu lai chu li ji an yan lei wu ran wu 。ran er ,ji an yan lei wu ran wu shi yi lei ju you wei sheng wu xiao du zuo yong de hua ge wu ,yin ci li yong wei sheng wu xiu fu ji shu chu li ji an yan lei wu ran wu shi ben wen de guan jian ,er wei sheng wu xiu fu ji shu de he xin zai yu cong sheng tai ji tong zhong shai shua dui ji an yan you kang xing de jun zhu 。1.wo men cong ge chao fu ji zhi wu long kui （Solanum nigrum L.）zhong fen li dao yi zhu duo jin shu kang xing nei sheng xi jun L14（EB L14）dui ji an hua ge wu jin hang sheng wu jiang jie 。cong 16S rDNAfen xi lai kan ,gai nei sheng jun shu yu ya bao gan jun shu 。gai nei sheng jun jing guo bu tong lei xing de yan （NaCl、KCl、MgCl2、CaCl2）nong du you dao ,sui zhao mo ji yan nong du de sheng gao ,jun zhu EB L14de sheng chang shou dao le yi zhi ,er ju yi zhi xiao guo hen ming xian ,zhe ke neng he wei sheng wu xi bao zai gao nong du mo ji yan de cun zai xia shi shui you guan ,ying xiang le wei sheng wu de zheng chang sheng chang dai xie ;ling wai hai ke yi fen xi chu jun zhu EB L14dui bu tong lei xing de mo ji yan nai shou neng li shi bu yi yang de ,dui Na+、K+nai shou li zui jiang ,ke yi da dao 80g/L,ji ci shi Mg2+,da dao le 40g/L;zui hou shi Ca2+,da dao le 20g/L。2.jun zhu EB L14jing guo bu tong lei xing de yan nong du you dao zhi hou ,fa xian sui zhao yan nong du de zeng jia ,ji ben ji wan ji er jia ji an yan （benzylalkyldimethylammonium compounds,BACs）de kang xing ye zai zeng jia 。bao nei han shui lv de shi yan yi jing biao ming ,xi bao zai gao yan nong du xia hui fa sheng shi shui xian xiang ,zhi shi xi bao shou su ,mo kong bian xiao ,BACs(C12-alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride,C12BDMA-Cl;C14-alkylbenzyldimethylammonium chloride,C14BDMA-Cl)bu rong yi tong guo mo kong jin ru xi bao nei bu ,cong er jian qing le dui xi bao de po huai ,bian xiang zeng jiang le nei sheng xi jun dui BACsde kang xing 。3.ben wen hai yan jiu le QACsgao nai xing chao lei ji zhi wu nei sheng jun dui BACsde qu chu xiao guo ,jie guo biao ming :C12BDMA-Clchu shi nong du wei 5mg/L,liu chong bu tong yan nong du you dao de kang xing jun zhu zai 48hnei dui BACsjun biao xian chu hen hao de jiang jie xiao guo ,sui zhao yan you dao nong du de sheng gao jiang jie lv ye zhu jian sheng gao 。C12BDMA-Clchu shi nong du wei 10mg/L,qian san chong yan nong du you dao xia de kang xing jun zhu you yu ji dui BACsde kang xing jiao xiao ,da bu fen zai sheng chang de chu ji jie duan jiu yi jing si wang ,suo yi ji dui BACsde jiang jie lv di yu 20%;er hou mian san chong jun zhu zai 48hnei dui C12BDMA-Cljiang jie lv dou zai 80%yi shang ,zhe shi yin wei ta men ben shen de kang xing jiu bi jiao gao 。C12BDMA-Clchu shi nong du wei 15mg/L,zhe liu chong bu tong yan nong du you dao de kang xing jun zhu zhi you hou liang chong kang xing jun zhu kuo ying le C12BDMA-Clzhe yang de gao nong du huan jing ,er qian si chong jun zhu you yu kang xing bi jiao ruo ,da bu fen zai sheng chang de chu ji jie duan jiu yi jing cui wang ,suo yi ta men dui C12BDMA-Clde jiang jie lv di yu 15%;er hou mian liang chong jun zhu zai 48hnei dui C12BDMA-Clyou le hen hao de jiang jie xiao guo ,jiang jie lv dou zai 80%yi shang ,zhe shi yin wei ta men ben shen de kang xing jiu bi jiao gao ,er ju ji jiang jie lv shi zhu jian sheng gao de 。4.yan jiu le EB L14jiang jie C14BDMA-Clde zhong jian chan wu ji ji jiang jie tu jing ,HPLCjian ce dao de sheng wu jiang jie de zhong jian chan wu zhu yao wei bian ji er jia an （BDMA）、bian ji jia an （BMA）deng 。zuo wei chu shi dai xie wu de BDMAde xing cheng biao ming Calkyl-Njian de lie jie shi n-si wan ji bian ji er jia ji lv hua an jiang jie de di yi bu ;BMAde xing cheng ke neng shi you yu qu jia ji hua fan ying jin yi bu jiang jie BDMA。ben shi yan shua qu de chao lei ji zhi wu nei sheng jun dui ji an yan lei wu ran wu ju you jiao hao de kang xing ,bing ju da dao le hen hao de qu chu xiao guo ,zhe wei wei sheng wu xiu fu ji shu zai ying yong yu ji an yan lei wu ran wu chu li fang mian di gong le an kuo qian jing 。
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论文作者分别是来自南昌航空大学的申胜举，发表于刊物南昌航空大学2019-07-24论文，是一篇关于季铵盐论文,生物修复技术论文,抗性论文,植物内生菌论文,盐诱导论文,南昌航空大学2019-07-24论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自南昌航空大学2019-07-24论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
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