本文主要研究内容
作者孙玉珺（2019）在《玉米芽期抗冷性筛选及低温胁迫下油菜素内酯对幼苗的调控效应研究》一文中研究指出：黑龙江地处中国东北部,是我国重要的粮食生产基地,然而,随着极端天气所造成的低温冷害的加剧,严重影响了作物的生长发育,限制了作物的产量。玉米为喜温作物,遭遇冷害会导致延迟发芽,幼苗生长受抑制,产生萎黄、萎蔫、坏死等症状,甚至死亡。油菜素内酯是一类新型植物激素,对植物非生物胁迫有一定的缓解作用。大多数研究都集中在缓解或减轻非生物胁迫对园艺作物的损伤。为此本试验以黑龙江省20个主栽玉米杂交种为试验材料,通过前期抗冷性筛选,确定品种抗冷性分级,研究低温对抗冷型品种(天农九)与冷敏感品种(天和1号)幼苗生理指标的影响和外源施用BR对玉米生长的调控,探究低温胁迫以及外源BR对玉米发芽期和幼苗期生理特性的影响,挖掘BR最适宜施用浓度,为解决生产上低温冷害问题提供参考依据。主要研究结果如下。1、通过对20个供试玉米杂交种芽期抗冷性鉴定,初步将供试品种分为抗冷中间型、抗冷敏感型和抗冷高抗型三类。第Ⅰ类材料为:益农玉10号、绿单2号、先玉335、德美亚3号、德美亚1号、大德317、稷秾108、德美亚2号、克玉17、福园2号、鑫鑫1号、省原80、先玉696和鑫科玉2号,其表现为抗冷中间型;第Ⅱ类材料为:龙单38、禾田4号和天和1号,其表现为抗冷敏感型;第Ⅲ类材料为:天农九、绥玉23和南北4号,其表现为抗冷高抗型。2、低温胁迫对玉米发芽有显著的抑制作用,且不同抗冷性品种之间差异显著。经不同浓度BR浸种处理后,可显著缩短天农九、天和1号低温发芽时间,缓解低温胁迫对玉米发芽的抑制程度,其中以0.1 mg/L为调控最适浓度。3、低温能显著降低玉米幼苗地上及地下部生物量。两品种地上部生长低温胁迫初期受抑制程度最大,地下部生长在低温胁迫后期受抑制程度最大,且均在恢复后期生长能力最强。BR能够通过缓解幼苗生长在低温胁迫下受抑制程度,0.1 mg/L为调控效果最适宜浓度。4、低温能够显著降低玉米幼苗SPAD值、Pn、Tr、Gs,升高Ci,破坏叶绿体结构,降低光合作用效率。光合系统主要在低温胁迫后期受抑制程度最大,在恢复前期生长能力最强,天和1号受低温胁迫影响变化更大。BR能够通过增强玉米幼苗光合系统的正常运转,增强其抗冷性,0.1 mg/L为调控效果最适宜浓度。5、低温能够显著升高玉米幼苗POD、SOD、CAT抗氧化酶活性和氧化损伤物质MDA含量。抗氧化酶和MDA含量在低温胁迫前期上升较快,抗氧化酶活性在恢复前期下降较快,而MDA含量在恢复期变化差异不显著。BR能够通过提高玉米幼苗保护酶活性,降低氧化损伤物质含量来缓解低温伤害,0.1 mg/L为调控效果最适宜浓度。6、低温可以促进玉米幼苗脯氨酸、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量的提高,提高幼苗相对电导率。渗透调节物质在低温胁迫前期上升较快,在恢复前期下降较快。通过BR喷施处理后可以显著提高幼苗脯氨酸、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量,维持细胞渗透平衡,维持细胞膜结构的稳定性,同时可以降低幼苗相对电导率,缓解低温对幼苗水分的散失,降低幼苗伤害,0.1 mg/L为调控效果最适宜浓度。7、低温显著降低玉米幼苗IAA、GA和ZR激素含量,升高ABA激素含量。通过外源喷施BR处理可以有效缓解IAA、GA和ZR激素含量的下降,降低ABA含量,提高IAA/ABA、GA/ABA和ZR/ABA比值,0.1 mg/L为调控效果最适宜浓度。8、对于抗冷性不同的试验材料,其低温胁迫下种子发芽与植株表现各不相同,施用BR处理后对低温缓解能力也不相同。抗冷型杂交种天农九受低温抑制程度低于冷敏感品种天和1号,恢复能力前者强于后者。施用BR处理后能增强玉米抗低温生长能力,使用效果天农九优于天和1号。
Abstract
hei long jiang de chu zhong guo dong bei bu ,shi wo guo chong yao de liang shi sheng chan ji de ,ran er ,sui zhao ji duan tian qi suo zao cheng de di wen leng hai de jia ju ,yan chong ying xiang le zuo wu de sheng chang fa yo ,xian zhi le zuo wu de chan liang 。yu mi wei xi wen zuo wu ,zao yu leng hai hui dao zhi yan chi fa ya ,you miao sheng chang shou yi zhi ,chan sheng wei huang 、wei nian 、huai si deng zheng zhuang ,shen zhi si wang 。you cai su nei zhi shi yi lei xin xing zhi wu ji su ,dui zhi wu fei sheng wu xie pai you yi ding de huan jie zuo yong 。da duo shu yan jiu dou ji zhong zai huan jie huo jian qing fei sheng wu xie pai dui yuan yi zuo wu de sun shang 。wei ci ben shi yan yi hei long jiang sheng 20ge zhu zai yu mi za jiao chong wei shi yan cai liao ,tong guo qian ji kang leng xing shai shua ,que ding pin chong kang leng xing fen ji ,yan jiu di wen dui kang leng xing pin chong (tian nong jiu )yu leng min gan pin chong (tian he 1hao )you miao sheng li zhi biao de ying xiang he wai yuan shi yong BRdui yu mi sheng chang de diao kong ,tan jiu di wen xie pai yi ji wai yuan BRdui yu mi fa ya ji he you miao ji sheng li te xing de ying xiang ,wa jue BRzui kuo yi shi yong nong du ,wei jie jue sheng chan shang di wen leng hai wen ti di gong can kao yi ju 。zhu yao yan jiu jie guo ru xia 。1、tong guo dui 20ge gong shi yu mi za jiao chong ya ji kang leng xing jian ding ,chu bu jiang gong shi pin chong fen wei kang leng zhong jian xing 、kang leng min gan xing he kang leng gao kang xing san lei 。di Ⅰlei cai liao wei :yi nong yu 10hao 、lu chan 2hao 、xian yu 335、de mei ya 3hao 、de mei ya 1hao 、da de 317、ji nong 108、de mei ya 2hao 、ke yu 17、fu yuan 2hao 、xin xin 1hao 、sheng yuan 80、xian yu 696he xin ke yu 2hao ,ji biao xian wei kang leng zhong jian xing ;di Ⅱlei cai liao wei :long chan 38、he tian 4hao he tian he 1hao ,ji biao xian wei kang leng min gan xing ;di Ⅲlei cai liao wei :tian nong jiu 、sui yu 23he na bei 4hao ,ji biao xian wei kang leng gao kang xing 。2、di wen xie pai dui yu mi fa ya you xian zhe de yi zhi zuo yong ,ju bu tong kang leng xing pin chong zhi jian cha yi xian zhe 。jing bu tong nong du BRjin chong chu li hou ,ke xian zhe su duan tian nong jiu 、tian he 1hao di wen fa ya shi jian ,huan jie di wen xie pai dui yu mi fa ya de yi zhi cheng du ,ji zhong yi 0.1 mg/Lwei diao kong zui kuo nong du 。3、di wen neng xian zhe jiang di yu mi you miao de shang ji de xia bu sheng wu liang 。liang pin chong de shang bu sheng chang di wen xie pai chu ji shou yi zhi cheng du zui da ,de xia bu sheng chang zai di wen xie pai hou ji shou yi zhi cheng du zui da ,ju jun zai hui fu hou ji sheng chang neng li zui jiang 。BRneng gou tong guo huan jie you miao sheng chang zai di wen xie pai xia shou yi zhi cheng du ,0.1 mg/Lwei diao kong xiao guo zui kuo yi nong du 。4、di wen neng gou xian zhe jiang di yu mi you miao SPADzhi 、Pn、Tr、Gs,sheng gao Ci,po huai xie lu ti jie gou ,jiang di guang ge zuo yong xiao lv 。guang ge ji tong zhu yao zai di wen xie pai hou ji shou yi zhi cheng du zui da ,zai hui fu qian ji sheng chang neng li zui jiang ,tian he 1hao shou di wen xie pai ying xiang bian hua geng da 。BRneng gou tong guo zeng jiang yu mi you miao guang ge ji tong de zheng chang yun zhuai ,zeng jiang ji kang leng xing ,0.1 mg/Lwei diao kong xiao guo zui kuo yi nong du 。5、di wen neng gou xian zhe sheng gao yu mi you miao POD、SOD、CATkang yang hua mei huo xing he yang hua sun shang wu zhi MDAhan liang 。kang yang hua mei he MDAhan liang zai di wen xie pai qian ji shang sheng jiao kuai ,kang yang hua mei huo xing zai hui fu qian ji xia jiang jiao kuai ,er MDAhan liang zai hui fu ji bian hua cha yi bu xian zhe 。BRneng gou tong guo di gao yu mi you miao bao hu mei huo xing ,jiang di yang hua sun shang wu zhi han liang lai huan jie di wen shang hai ,0.1 mg/Lwei diao kong xiao guo zui kuo yi nong du 。6、di wen ke yi cu jin yu mi you miao fu an suan 、ke rong xing tang he ke rong xing dan bai han liang de di gao ,di gao you miao xiang dui dian dao lv 。shen tou diao jie wu zhi zai di wen xie pai qian ji shang sheng jiao kuai ,zai hui fu qian ji xia jiang jiao kuai 。tong guo BRpen shi chu li hou ke yi xian zhe di gao you miao fu an suan 、ke rong xing tang he ke rong xing dan bai han liang ,wei chi xi bao shen tou ping heng ,wei chi xi bao mo jie gou de wen ding xing ,tong shi ke yi jiang di you miao xiang dui dian dao lv ,huan jie di wen dui you miao shui fen de san shi ,jiang di you miao shang hai ,0.1 mg/Lwei diao kong xiao guo zui kuo yi nong du 。7、di wen xian zhe jiang di yu mi you miao IAA、GAhe ZRji su han liang ,sheng gao ABAji su han liang 。tong guo wai yuan pen shi BRchu li ke yi you xiao huan jie IAA、GAhe ZRji su han liang de xia jiang ,jiang di ABAhan liang ,di gao IAA/ABA、GA/ABAhe ZR/ABAbi zhi ,0.1 mg/Lwei diao kong xiao guo zui kuo yi nong du 。8、dui yu kang leng xing bu tong de shi yan cai liao ,ji di wen xie pai xia chong zi fa ya yu zhi zhu biao xian ge bu xiang tong ,shi yong BRchu li hou dui di wen huan jie neng li ye bu xiang tong 。kang leng xing za jiao chong tian nong jiu shou di wen yi zhi cheng du di yu leng min gan pin chong tian he 1hao ,hui fu neng li qian zhe jiang yu hou zhe 。shi yong BRchu li hou neng zeng jiang yu mi kang di wen sheng chang neng li ,shi yong xiao guo tian nong jiu you yu tian he 1hao 。
论文参考文献
论文详细介绍
论文作者分别是来自东北农业大学的孙玉珺，发表于刊物东北农业大学2019-08-27论文，是一篇关于玉米论文,抗冷性论文,发芽论文,低温胁迫论文,油菜素内酯论文,生理调控论文,东北农业大学2019-08-27论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自东北农业大学2019-08-27论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：玉米论文; 抗冷性论文; 发芽论文; 低温胁迫论文; 油菜素内酯论文; 生理调控论文; 东北农业大学2019-08-27论文;