本文主要研究内容
作者陈强（2019）在《油页岩原位转化垂直井水力压裂裂缝起裂与扩展规律研究》一文中研究指出：能源是经济发展的命脉,随着人口的不断增加,经济如果想要继续保持高速的增长,对于能源的消耗量将会逐年增大。进入21世纪以来,我国对于油气能源的需求量不断增加,但是我国原油年产量却维持在2亿吨左右,难以保证内需,导致原油对外依存度逐年升高,这不仅对我国的经济发展有所制约,甚至已经影响到了我国的能源战略安全。因此研究开发非常规能源对保障国家能源安全,保证经济持续高速发展具有非常重要的意义。油页岩作为一种非常规能源在世界各国都引起了广泛关注。油页岩资源储量巨大,仅我国已探明油页岩资源储量就有7199.37亿吨,其中吉林省油页岩资源量为2527.64亿吨;全国油页岩油资源储量为476.44亿吨,吉林省油页岩油资源量为51.78亿吨。因此,加快我国油页岩勘探开发进展,实现油页岩油的工业化生产,能够弥补我国常规能源产量不足,重新调整我国能源消费结构并保障国家能源安全。相比于油页岩地表干馏技术,油页岩原位开采技术在地下进行油页岩原位加热裂解、开采,占地面积小,对环境影响较小,更加受到各国学者的关注。但是天然油页岩层热传导系数低,渗透性低,限制了油页岩原位加热的效率,降低了油页岩原位开采工艺的效率,增加了成本。为了解决这一问题,需要通过水力压裂手段在油页岩层内部造缝,提高油页岩地层的渗透性和传热效率。本文以油页岩原位转化技术中水力压裂技术为研究背景,研究油页岩地层中垂直井水力裂缝起裂和扩展规律。主要从理论分析、数值模拟、水力压裂室内模拟试验三个方面对油页岩水力压裂裂缝起裂及扩展规律进行分析,根据研究结果设计压裂试验方案,并在吉林大学扶余油页岩原位转化先导试验基地进行垂直井压裂施工,验证了双井压裂方案能够满足油页岩原位开采的工艺要求。文章采用弹性力学理论结合力学叠加原理分析油页岩垂直井水力压裂裂缝起裂和扩展规律,提出了油页岩地层在存在天然裂缝时,水力裂缝的三种起裂模式:从岩石本体起裂、沿天然裂缝张性起裂和剪切起裂,并分析、总结了三种起裂模式各自的判据;另外建立了水力裂缝在扩展过程中遇到天然裂缝后如何扩展的判据。数值模拟方面,利用ABAQUS有限元计算软件中cohesive单元对裂缝进行模拟,建立二维水力压裂模型,分析射孔方向与最大水平主应力方向存在夹角时,水力裂缝起裂及扩展的规律;分析了不同水平主应力差对水力裂缝与天然裂缝相交后裂缝继续扩展情况的影响;模拟分析双井同步压裂、分时压裂情况对于水力裂缝起裂及扩展的影响。研究结果表明:射孔夹角的增大会导致水力裂缝的起裂压力和宽度增大,但是裂缝的长度会有所缩短,裂缝起裂后会逐渐向平行于最大水平主应力方向偏转;水力裂缝与天然裂缝相交后裂缝扩展路径选择会受到水平地应力差的影响;双井压裂更容易形成井间相互连通的主裂缝,并且双井分时压裂能够降低后压裂井的裂缝起裂压力,影响程度会随着井间距离的增大而减小。室内物理模拟试验方面,采用吉林大学自主研制的真三轴水力压裂物理模拟试验系统对汪清地区油页岩试样进行垂直井水力压裂模拟试验,通过线切割机切割油页岩试样,并将试样放入模具浇筑混凝土制样,通过控制变量的方法分别对垂直地应力、最大和最小水平地应力以及压裂液注入排量对试样水力压裂裂缝起裂和扩展的影响进行试验分析。研究表明,随着垂直地应力、最大和最小水平应力以及压裂液排量的增大,水力裂缝的起裂压力都会随之增大,相对而言,垂直地应力对于裂缝起裂压力的影响更大;水力裂缝会优先在水平层理方向起裂和扩展,但是如果垂直地应力与最大水平地应力相差不大时,裂缝容易受到天然裂缝的影响发生偏转;采用大排量压裂时,储层更容易形成类似于体积破碎的效果。根据理论分析、数值模拟、室内物理试验等手段得到油页岩垂直水力压裂裂缝起裂及扩展的相关规律,设计扶余油页岩原位开采现场采用双井压裂方案,在扶余油页岩现场进行压裂施工,在压裂过程中全程利用微地震监测的方法对压裂情况进行监测分析,并在每次压裂结束后,根据微地震监测成像的结果观察油页岩层的压裂效果,为下次压裂提供指导依据。本文通过理论分析、数值模拟和室内物理试验的研究结果为扶余油页岩原位开采现场水力压裂提供理论指导,而现场实际压裂施工结果验证了研究所得理论的正确性。
Abstract
neng yuan shi jing ji fa zhan de ming mai ,sui zhao ren kou de bu duan zeng jia ,jing ji ru guo xiang yao ji xu bao chi gao su de zeng chang ,dui yu neng yuan de xiao hao liang jiang hui zhu nian zeng da 。jin ru 21shi ji yi lai ,wo guo dui yu you qi neng yuan de xu qiu liang bu duan zeng jia ,dan shi wo guo yuan you nian chan liang que wei chi zai 2yi dun zuo you ,nan yi bao zheng nei xu ,dao zhi yuan you dui wai yi cun du zhu nian sheng gao ,zhe bu jin dui wo guo de jing ji fa zhan you suo zhi yao ,shen zhi yi jing ying xiang dao le wo guo de neng yuan zhan lve an quan 。yin ci yan jiu kai fa fei chang gui neng yuan dui bao zhang guo jia neng yuan an quan ,bao zheng jing ji chi xu gao su fa zhan ju you fei chang chong yao de yi yi 。you xie yan zuo wei yi chong fei chang gui neng yuan zai shi jie ge guo dou yin qi le an fan guan zhu 。you xie yan zi yuan chu liang ju da ,jin wo guo yi tan ming you xie yan zi yuan chu liang jiu you 7199.37yi dun ,ji zhong ji lin sheng you xie yan zi yuan liang wei 2527.64yi dun ;quan guo you xie yan you zi yuan chu liang wei 476.44yi dun ,ji lin sheng you xie yan you zi yuan liang wei 51.78yi dun 。yin ci ,jia kuai wo guo you xie yan kan tan kai fa jin zhan ,shi xian you xie yan you de gong ye hua sheng chan ,neng gou mi bu wo guo chang gui neng yuan chan liang bu zu ,chong xin diao zheng wo guo neng yuan xiao fei jie gou bing bao zhang guo jia neng yuan an quan 。xiang bi yu you xie yan de biao gan liu ji shu ,you xie yan yuan wei kai cai ji shu zai de xia jin hang you xie yan yuan wei jia re lie jie 、kai cai ,zhan de mian ji xiao ,dui huan jing ying xiang jiao xiao ,geng jia shou dao ge guo xue zhe de guan zhu 。dan shi tian ran you xie yan ceng re chuan dao ji shu di ,shen tou xing di ,xian zhi le you xie yan yuan wei jia re de xiao lv ,jiang di le you xie yan yuan wei kai cai gong yi de xiao lv ,zeng jia le cheng ben 。wei le jie jue zhe yi wen ti ,xu yao tong guo shui li ya lie shou duan zai you xie yan ceng nei bu zao feng ,di gao you xie yan de ceng de shen tou xing he chuan re xiao lv 。ben wen yi you xie yan yuan wei zhuai hua ji shu zhong shui li ya lie ji shu wei yan jiu bei jing ,yan jiu you xie yan de ceng zhong chui zhi jing shui li lie feng qi lie he kuo zhan gui lv 。zhu yao cong li lun fen xi 、shu zhi mo ni 、shui li ya lie shi nei mo ni shi yan san ge fang mian dui you xie yan shui li ya lie lie feng qi lie ji kuo zhan gui lv jin hang fen xi ,gen ju yan jiu jie guo she ji ya lie shi yan fang an ,bing zai ji lin da xue fu yu you xie yan yuan wei zhuai hua xian dao shi yan ji de jin hang chui zhi jing ya lie shi gong ,yan zheng le shuang jing ya lie fang an neng gou man zu you xie yan yuan wei kai cai de gong yi yao qiu 。wen zhang cai yong dan xing li xue li lun jie ge li xue die jia yuan li fen xi you xie yan chui zhi jing shui li ya lie lie feng qi lie he kuo zhan gui lv ,di chu le you xie yan de ceng zai cun zai tian ran lie feng shi ,shui li lie feng de san chong qi lie mo shi :cong yan dan ben ti qi lie 、yan tian ran lie feng zhang xing qi lie he jian qie qi lie ,bing fen xi 、zong jie le san chong qi lie mo shi ge zi de pan ju ;ling wai jian li le shui li lie feng zai kuo zhan guo cheng zhong yu dao tian ran lie feng hou ru he kuo zhan de pan ju 。shu zhi mo ni fang mian ,li yong ABAQUSyou xian yuan ji suan ruan jian zhong cohesivechan yuan dui lie feng jin hang mo ni ,jian li er wei shui li ya lie mo xing ,fen xi she kong fang xiang yu zui da shui ping zhu ying li fang xiang cun zai ga jiao shi ,shui li lie feng qi lie ji kuo zhan de gui lv ;fen xi le bu tong shui ping zhu ying li cha dui shui li lie feng yu tian ran lie feng xiang jiao hou lie feng ji xu kuo zhan qing kuang de ying xiang ;mo ni fen xi shuang jing tong bu ya lie 、fen shi ya lie qing kuang dui yu shui li lie feng qi lie ji kuo zhan de ying xiang 。yan jiu jie guo biao ming :she kong ga jiao de zeng da hui dao zhi shui li lie feng de qi lie ya li he kuan du zeng da ,dan shi lie feng de chang du hui you suo su duan ,lie feng qi lie hou hui zhu jian xiang ping hang yu zui da shui ping zhu ying li fang xiang pian zhuai ;shui li lie feng yu tian ran lie feng xiang jiao hou lie feng kuo zhan lu jing shua ze hui shou dao shui ping de ying li cha de ying xiang ;shuang jing ya lie geng rong yi xing cheng jing jian xiang hu lian tong de zhu lie feng ,bing ju shuang jing fen shi ya lie neng gou jiang di hou ya lie jing de lie feng qi lie ya li ,ying xiang cheng du hui sui zhao jing jian ju li de zeng da er jian xiao 。shi nei wu li mo ni shi yan fang mian ,cai yong ji lin da xue zi zhu yan zhi de zhen san zhou shui li ya lie wu li mo ni shi yan ji tong dui wang qing de ou you xie yan shi yang jin hang chui zhi jing shui li ya lie mo ni shi yan ,tong guo xian qie ge ji qie ge you xie yan shi yang ,bing jiang shi yang fang ru mo ju jiao zhu hun ning tu zhi yang ,tong guo kong zhi bian liang de fang fa fen bie dui chui zhi de ying li 、zui da he zui xiao shui ping de ying li yi ji ya lie ye zhu ru pai liang dui shi yang shui li ya lie lie feng qi lie he kuo zhan de ying xiang jin hang shi yan fen xi 。yan jiu biao ming ,sui zhao chui zhi de ying li 、zui da he zui xiao shui ping ying li yi ji ya lie ye pai liang de zeng da ,shui li lie feng de qi lie ya li dou hui sui zhi zeng da ,xiang dui er yan ,chui zhi de ying li dui yu lie feng qi lie ya li de ying xiang geng da ;shui li lie feng hui you xian zai shui ping ceng li fang xiang qi lie he kuo zhan ,dan shi ru guo chui zhi de ying li yu zui da shui ping de ying li xiang cha bu da shi ,lie feng rong yi shou dao tian ran lie feng de ying xiang fa sheng pian zhuai ;cai yong da pai liang ya lie shi ,chu ceng geng rong yi xing cheng lei shi yu ti ji po sui de xiao guo 。gen ju li lun fen xi 、shu zhi mo ni 、shi nei wu li shi yan deng shou duan de dao you xie yan chui zhi shui li ya lie lie feng qi lie ji kuo zhan de xiang guan gui lv ,she ji fu yu you xie yan yuan wei kai cai xian chang cai yong shuang jing ya lie fang an ,zai fu yu you xie yan xian chang jin hang ya lie shi gong ,zai ya lie guo cheng zhong quan cheng li yong wei de zhen jian ce de fang fa dui ya lie qing kuang jin hang jian ce fen xi ,bing zai mei ci ya lie jie shu hou ,gen ju wei de zhen jian ce cheng xiang de jie guo guan cha you xie yan ceng de ya lie xiao guo ,wei xia ci ya lie di gong zhi dao yi ju 。ben wen tong guo li lun fen xi 、shu zhi mo ni he shi nei wu li shi yan de yan jiu jie guo wei fu yu you xie yan yuan wei kai cai xian chang shui li ya lie di gong li lun zhi dao ,er xian chang shi ji ya lie shi gong jie guo yan zheng le yan jiu suo de li lun de zheng que xing 。
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论文作者分别是来自吉林大学的陈强，发表于刊物吉林大学2019-06-25论文，是一篇关于油页岩论文,垂直井论文,水力压裂论文,裂缝起裂论文,裂缝相交论文,双井压裂论文,微地震论文,吉林大学2019-06-25论文的文章。本文可供学术参考使用，各位学者可以免费参考阅读下载，文章观点不代表本站观点，资料来自吉林大学2019-06-25论文网站，若本站收录的文献无意侵犯了您的著作版权，请联系我们删除。
标签：油页岩论文; 垂直井论文; 水力压裂论文; 裂缝起裂论文; 裂缝相交论文; 双井压裂论文; 微地震论文; 吉林大学2019-06-25论文;